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The CESA project is preparing a series of Case Studies to
report on the early experience of the state funds. Each paper
will be 5-15 pages long and will recount the history of a
specific project, explain the role of the state fund in that
project, analyze the project economics, and share the observations
of the parties involved as to what lessons can be learned
from the process.
CESA will also conduct original research and analysis on
state clean energy funds from time to time. We will list those
reports here as they are completed.
CESA - LBL Case Studies, Reports,
and CESA Program Guides
 Shaking
Up the Residential PV
Market: Implications of Recent Changes to the ITC by Berkeley
Lab and CESA. This 12-page report, titled(PDF) examines the
implications of changes to the residential solar ITC. November 2008.
Clean
Energy State Program Guide - Mainstreaming Solar Electricity:
Strategies for States to Build Local Markets, prepared
by Mark Sinclair, Clean Energy Group and Steve Weisman,
Peregrine Energy Group. This report describes the
key policies and program strategies that have emerged as
effective
tools
for states to advance wide-spread solar deployment. The
report’s recommendations are based on the input and
lessons learned of the members of the Clean Energy States
Alliance. April 2008.
Property
Tax Assessments as a Finance Vehicle for Residential PV Installations:
Opportunities and
Potential Limitations by Mark Bolinger, Lawrence Berkeley
Lab. This LBNL-CESA Case Study describes the mechanics of
a new type of PV financing program
recently
proposed by
the City of Berkeley that offers its residents the ability
to utilize increased property tax assessments as a means
of repaying over time the up-front cost of installing PV
systems. February 2008.
State
Strategies to Foster Solar Hot Water System Deployment,
by Mark Sinclair. December 2007. A CESA State Program
Guide.
This report describes a number of straightforward strategies
that states can implement to support adoption of solar
hot water technologies, including provision of financial
incentives,
training for installers, and education to help customers
make informed decisions.
Using
the Federal Production Tax Credit to Build a Durable
Market for Wind Power in the United States, by Ryan
Wiser, Mark Bolinger, and Galen Barbose. November 2007.
This article
was recently published in The
Electricity Journal, and was funded in part by
the Clean Energy States Alliance. Among the most significant
drivers of the recent growth in renewable generation
in the U.S. is the federal production
tax credit (PTC).The purpose of this article is to review
the developments from the PTC
over time, assessing its impact on the wind power market,
highlighting the potentially positive implications of a longer-term
extension of the PTC, and discussing some possible changes
to the design of the PTC that might help overcome some of
its limitations as presently structured.
CESA
Memo Summarizing the National Research Council Report on
Enviornmental Impacts of Wind-Energy Projects, Mark
Sinclair, May 2007. This memo provides a briefing analysis
of the May
2007 NAS National Resources Council Report on The Environmental
Impacts of Wind-Energy Project that evaluates the trade-offs
between the benefit of new wind-energy projects and the
risk of adverse environmental impacts.
The
National Academies Report in Brief, May 2007
Visual
Impacts Assessment Process for Evaluating Wind-Energy Projects,
CESA
Best Practice Recommendation, Mark
Sinclair, CESA, August 2007.
CESA
Memo on California Energy Commission Staff Report on Eligibility
Criteria and Conditions for Incentives for Solar Energy Systems,
Senate Bill 1, Mark Sinclair, August 2007.
LBL
and CESA release new Case Study, "Designing
PV Incentive Programs to Promote Performance - A Review of
Current Practice," by Galen Barbose, Ryan Wiser,
and Mark Bolinger, LBNL. October 2006. This report examines
the approaches used to encourage PV system performance
- including,
but not limited to, PBI's - used by 32 prominent PV incentive
programs in the U.S.
CESA
and LBL release the updated: The
Impact of State Clean Energy Fund Support for Utility-Scale
Renewable Energy Projects, by Mark Bolinger and Ryan
Wiser, LBNL. May 2006. This case study seeks to comprehensively
summarize the support
that
state
clean energy funds have provided to utility scale energy
projects, detailing - among other things - the amount of
funds obligated and the number, capacity, and resource type
of projects supported. The database that supports this case
study can be found at http://eetd.lbl.gov/ea/ems/cases/EMP_case.html.
Exploring
the Economic Value of EPAct 2005's PV Tax Credits,
prepared for CESA by Mark Bolinger and Ryan Wiser, LBNL,
and Edwin
Ing, Law Offices of Edwin T.C. Ing, March 2006. Updated
February 2007.
Clean
Energy State Program Guide: Strategies to Foster Solar Energy & Advanced
Efficiency in Affordable Multi-Family Housing,
Prepared by Clean Energy Group and Peregrine Energy Group,
Inc. February 2006.
Supporting
Photovoltaics in Market-Rate Residential New Construction,
by Galen Barbose, Ryan Wiser and Mark Bolinger, LBNL. February
2006. CESA and LBL release a new case study summarizing programmatic
experience and lessons learned from the state clean energy
funds.
Financing
Affordable Housing: A Primer for the State Clean Energy Funds.
Prepared for CESA by Roger Clark, TRF Sustainable Development
Fund. October 2005. The goal of this primer is to provide
the staff and managers of the state clean energy funds with
information about the various public and private programs
and strategies being used to finance affordable housing
projects.
Northeast
RPS Compliance Markets: An Examination of Opportunities to
Advance REC Trading. Prepared for CESA by CEEEP
- Rutgers, NJ
Clean Energy Program, and Clean
Energy Group. October 2005.
CESA
Scoping Document: Encouraging Photovoltaic System Installations
in "Green" Affordable Multifamily Housing,
April 2005. Prepared for CESA by Peregrine Energy Group.
CESA
Scoping Document: Encouraging Photovoltaic System Installations
in New Single-Family Market-Rate Housing, April 2005.
Prepared for CESA by Peregrine Energy Group.
Comparative
Information on State and Utility Rebate Programs:Berkeley
Lab recently developed a simple database of state and utility
cash incentives
for solar PV. The principal purpose of this effort was to
put incentive levels on a comparable basis among programs
(taking
into consideration the fact that programs base their incentive
payments on different definitions of installed wattage, and
that some programs provide payment based on production).
February 2005.
CESA
and LBL release: A
Survey of State Clean Energy Fund Support for R&D Projects,
October 2004. This paper surveys state clean energy fund
support
for earlier-stage technology R&D, principally focusing
on renewable energy but also touching on fuel cells. The
purpose
of this case is simply to briefly describe - not to analyze
or critique - the various efforts of state funds.
CESA and LBL release "A
Survey of State Clean Energy Fund Support for Biomass",
by Garrett Fitzgerald, Mark Bolinger and Ryan Wiser, of LBL.
This survey reviews efforts by CESA member clean energy funds
to promote the use of biomass as a renewable energy source.
August 2004.
Northern
Exposure: An Overview of Canadian Clean Energy Fund Activities,
by Garrett Fitzgerald, Ryan Wiser, Mark Bolinger, of LBL
and
Allison Schumacher, Clean Energy Group. LBL and CESA release
a new report in their Case Studies of State Support for Renewable
Energy series. June 2004.
This case study profiles the activities of the following
clean energy funds: the Green Municipals Funds (GMEF and
GMIF),
the Climate Change Action Fund (CCAF), the Toronto Atmospheric
Fund (TAF), and Sustainable Development Technology Canada
(SDTC). It also explores other federal and provincial incentives
that have a significant impact on Canada’s renewable
energy market. While there are numerous energy efficiency
programs and funding mechanisms in Canada, the scope of
this case is limited to funding for clean energy production
technologies
in Canada.
Low-Income Renewable Energy Programs: A Survey of State Clean
Energy Funds, by Garrett Fitzgerald, Mark Bolinger and
Ryan Wiser. LBL. May 2004
This survey reviews efforts by CESA member clean energy funds
to promote the use of renewable energy technologies in low-income
residential buildings or communities. Only programs specifically
targeting low-income applications are covered. Funds providing
support to low-income households for other purposes (e.g.,
weatherization programs) fall outside the scope of this survey,
as do programs offered by non CESA member funds.
A
Survey of State Support for Community Wind Power Development,
by Mark Bolinger. LBL and CESA release a new report in their
Case Studies of State Support for Renewable Energy series.
March 2004.
Though historically confined Europe, "community wind"
projects, i.e., locally owned, utility-scale wind projects
interconnected on either side of the meter, are a topic of
increasing interest in the US, not just among farmers and
other potential local investors, but also among state policymakers
interested in renewable energy. Several states are currently
supporting community wind in a variety of ways, leading to
the development of different types of projects. With policy
support from an increasing number of states, community wind
in the US may be approaching a "tipping point".
The
Experience of State Clean Energy Funds with Tradeable Renewable
Certificates. LBL and
CESA release a new report in their Case Studies of State Support
for Renewable Energy series. November, 2003.
Tradeable renewable certificates (TRCs), also commonly referred
to as green tags or renewable energy credits (RECs), represent
teh non-energy attributes for electricity produced from renewable
sources. Several state clean energy funds are exploring their
respective roles regarding TRCs. This case study summarizes
these activities. The states that are covered include California,
Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey,
New York, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin.
CESA
Small Wind Project Overview Report, By David Cooperman,
CESA Intern and edited by Roger Clark, CESA Project Director
for Wind Projects. October 2003.
CESA surveyed existing small wind programs and related initiatives
to evaluate how they address a dozen issues. In 2004, CESA
will host a meeting of state fund managers to discuss the
report finding, lessons learned from the various state fund
programs, and will assemble the best practices of these program
in a report to CESA member.
Green
Buildings: The Expanding Role of State Clean Energy Funds,
(September 2003), a new report for the Case Studies of State
Support for Renewable Energy" series from Berkeley Lab
and the Clean Energy Group.
"Green" buildings are typically designed to minimize
environmental impacts in multiple areas (e.g., energy, water,
materials), and to maximize the health and quality of life
of building occupants. For a variety of reasons, green buildings
can provide a niche market for renewable energy technologies.
This case study examines the efforts of several state renewable
energy funds to specifically promote renewable energy use
in green buildings. These efforts fall into two categories:
targeted funding for renewable energy systems used specifically
on green (or at least energy-efficient) buildings, and general
green building promotion. The states that are covered include
Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York,
Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.
Innovation,
Renewable Energy, and State Investment: Case Studies of Leading
Clean Enegy Funds (September 2002). This report highlights
innovative clean energy practices across the US and analyzes
the cutting-edge efforts states have taken in the area. By
Ryan Wiser, Mark Bolinger, Berkeley Labs. And Lewis Milford,
Roger Clark, Clean Energy Group; Kevin Porter, Exeter Labs.
Building Renewable Energy Markets: A Public Education Strategy
for State Clean Energy Funds (pdf), a CEFN Report
prepared by Lyn Rosoff, Second Wind Enterprises, and Richard
Earle, Greenbranch Enterprises, February 6, 2002.
- CEFN
DRAFT Report: Market Niches for Solar PV: Opportunities
for the State Clean Energy Funds (pdf), by Scott
Sklar, The Stella Group, Ltd., March 18, 2002 - FOR MEMBER
REVIEW
- CEFN
DRAFT REPORT - Utility-Scale Renewable Energy Projects:
A Survey of Clean Energy Fund Support (pdf) by:
Mark Bolinger, Ryan Wiser, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
May 2002 - FOR MEMBER REVIEW.
- CEFN
DRAFT REPORT - Customer-Sited PV: A Survey of Clean Energy
Fund Support (pdf), by: Mark Bolinger, Ryan Wiser,
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, May 2002 - FOR MEMBER
REVIEW.
- CEFN
DRAFT Green Tags Report, Eric Oldsman (pdf) - FOR
MEMBER REVIEW, April 12, 2002.
- CEFN
DRAFT Leasing Report, Eric Oldsman (pdf) - FOR MEMBER
REVIEW, April 12, 2002
- States
Emerge as Clean Energy Investors: A Review of State Support
for Renewable Energy, (pdf) by Mark Bolinger, Ryan
Wiser, Lew Milford, Michael Stoddard and Kevin Porter. The
Electricity Journal, November 2001.
- Clean
Energy Funds: An Overview of State Support for Clean Energy,
(pdf) by Mark Bolinger, Ryan Wiser (LBNL), Lewis Milford,
Michael Stoddard (CEFN) and Kevin Porter (NREL). April 2001.
Other Studies
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